To run the SPSS program for statistical analysis, our class will rely on Northwestern's "hardin" and "seldon" computers, which run the "UNIX" operating system in a "distributed computing environment" (DCE).

• The names (hardin and seldon) come from characters in a futuristic novel by I. Asimov.
• The computers are linked together under DCE, so it doesn't matter which you enter.
• DCE allows storing and processing files on multiple computers that are networked together.

Like DOS, Windows, or the Macintosh OS, UNIX is a command system for controlling a computer.

• It was originally created in 1969 by researchers at Bell Laboratories, so it is not new.
• Nevertheless, it is currently used as the backbone of many heavy-duty internet servers.
• Unfortunately, UNIX commands are cryptic and confusing, but it is what we have to work with so you need to learn a tinsy bit of UNIX.
• One important thing to know is that UNIX is case-sensitive
  • Thus, "mother" and "Mother" are different terms to UNIX.
  • As you may have suspected, my mother (whom I called Mother) was ethnically UNIX, which explains why I am case-sensitive when it comes to e-mail messages.

Use "telnet" to log into either UNIX computer over the campus network

• Windows and Macintosh "telnet" programs are available on the NU internet CD
• Enter either of these for the internet address:
  • hardin.it.nwu.edu
  • seldon.acns.nwu.edu
• Once connected, you will see a short policy statement and then the command line, login:

How to log in (remember, UNIX is case-sensitive and usually--but not always--uses lower case in its commands):

• In this example: the red type represents UNIX talking; boldface is my reply

login: kjanda

^---Enter your account identification, then press enter (return)

password: Change/Me

^---This is your initial password, then press enter (return)

• You'll be greeted by a message: 

  ********************************************
  W E L C O M E   T O  J A N D A ' S  AG&P 220
  ********************************************

• After you have logged-in successfully, type passwd to change your password; press enter after each command.

hardin(kjanda) 41% passwd

Changing password for kjanda

Enter current passwd for kjanda: [type Change/Me here]

New password: [type your new password here--and be sure to remember it!]

Re-enter new password: [retype your new password here]

Password successfully changed in dce.

• Then logout to end your first session on hardin.

hardin(kjanda) 42% logout

^--"logout" ends the session, most other commands will not work

If you did this successfully, you're on your way to a rewarding career in the lucrative field of computers.